History of Vajiralongkorn

King Maha Vajiralongkorn, also known as King Rama X, ascended to the Thai throne in December 2016 after the passing of his father, King Bhumibol Adulyadej, who had reigned for 70 years. While Vajiralongkorn is primarily known for his royal role, it is his influence over Thai politics that merits examination, considering the extensive powers the monarchy holds over the country’s political landscape.

Vajiralongkorn's political journey is intrinsically tied to the framework of the Thai constitutional monarchy, which combines royal influence with parliamentary governance. Historically, the Thai monarchy has played a significant role in the country’s political affairs, often intervening directly or indirectly in times of national crisis. Vajiralongkorn's political involvement is consistent with this tradition, though his approach and the context in which he operates have seen notable evolution from his father’s era.

Before his ascension, Vajiralongkorn had been preparing for his role for many years, primarily through military roles and representational duties. He was appointed the crown prince in 1972 and underwent military training in Australia, eventually becoming a key figure in the Thai armed forces. This military background provided Vajiralongkorn with insights into the intricate relationship between the monarchy and the military, a significant pillar of political power in Thailand.

Upon taking the throne, Vajiralongkorn inherited a country deeply divided by political strife, where military coups and governmental changes were not uncommon. One of his early political involvements was seen in the 2017 constitution, which was drafted by a military-appointed committee. Vajiralongkorn's intervention led to amendments in the constitution, notably expanding the king’s powers. Notable among these changes was the stipulation that the king no longer needed to appoint a regent when out of the country, reflecting a shift towards consolidating royal authority.

Vajiralongkorn's political influence extends deeply into the realm of Thailand's governance through his direct and indirect involvement in political processes. For example, the 2019 general elections were the first under the new constitution, and were marked by significant discussions regarding the military's role and the power dynamics between elected officials and the monarchy. The election results showed a sharply divided electorate, and the pro-military Palang Pracharath Party, seen as supportive of royalist and military interests, formed the government. Although Vajiralongkorn does not directly participate in democratic politics, the monarchy's support was perceived as favoring certain political factions over others.

One significant aspect of Vajiralongkorn’s political role has been his approach to the monarchy's legal and economic influence. In an unprecedented move, he took direct control over the Crown Property Bureau, making him one of the wealthiest individuals in the world and centralizing the economic power of the monarchy. This move also reflects his broader strategy of consolidating power not just politically, but economically, which inherently influences Thailand's political landscape by increasing the monarchy's stake in national matters.

Additionally, Vajiralongkorn’s reign has seen a continuation of the lèse-majesté laws, which have long been used to suppress dissent against the monarchy. These laws, among the strictest in the world regarding royal defamation, have been a subject of international criticism but remain a significant tool for the monarchy in maintaining its influence over Thai politics. During Vajiralongkorn's reign, numerous critics and activists have been charged under these laws as part of a broader effort to stifle opposition.

In recent years, Thailand has witnessed growing pro-democracy protests, with many demonstrators calling for reforms to the monarchy’s role in politics—an unprecedented public discourse given the traditional reverence for the monarchy. The protests, which began in earnest in 2020, have been met with a mixed response from the government and the monarchy. Vajiralongkorn has largely refrained from direct public commentary on these protests, but the government's crackdown indicates a complex interplay between the demands for democratic reform and the monarchy’s enduring authority.

Vajiralongkorn’s political influence is indicative of the broader tension in Thai society between tradition and modernization. His reign is marked by efforts to preserve the monarchy's traditional power while navigating the demands of a changing political environment where royal authority is increasingly questioned. His leadership takes place in the backdrop of global scrutiny and domestic calls for change, making his political role not only significant but also challenging.

In summary, while King Maha Vajiralongkorn's role is primarily royal, his influence over Thailand's political sphere is palpable. His reign continues to shape and be shaped by the country's political currents, reflecting the persistent power of the Thai monarchy and the evolving context of its governance. As Thailand seeks to balance its rich traditions with the demands of modern governance, Vajiralongkorn remains a pivotal figure, symbolizing the complex and ever-changing nature of Thai politics.